Friday, July 12, 2024

Subject-Verb Argument Exercise Worksheet

Subject-Verb Argument Worksheet

Exercise 

  1. Anita and her brothers (is, are) at school.
  2. Either my mother or my father (is, are) coming to the gathering.
  3. The dog or the cats (is, are) outside.
  4. Either my socks or your coat (is, are) always on the floor.
  5. Gargi and Tamanna (doesn't, don't) want to see that movie.
  6. Beni (doesn't, don't) know the answer.
  7. One of my sisters (is, are) going on a trip to America.
  8. The man with all the birds (live, lives) on the corner.
  9. The movie, including all the songs, (take, takes) about two hours to watch.
  10. The players, as well as their captain, (want, wants) to win.
  11. Either answer (is, are) acceptable.
  12. Every one of those books (is, are) fiction.
  13. Nobody (know, knows) the trouble I've seen.
  14. (Is, Are) the news on at five or six?
  15. Mathematics (is, are) Ritu's favourite subject, while Civics (is, are) Gitu's favourite subject.
  16. Eight dollars (is, are) the price of a movie these days.
  17. (Is, Are) the tweezers in this drawer?
  18. Your pants (is, are) at the cleaner's.
  19. There (was, were) fifteen candies in that bag. Now there (is, are) only one left!
  20. The committee (debates, debate) these questions carefully.
  21. The committee members (leads, lead) very different lives in private.
  22. The Prime Minister, together with his wife, (greets, greet) the press cordially.
  23. All of the CDs, even the scratched one, (is, are) in this case.
  24. Each of the girls ____ her own dress. (has/have)
  25. Five miles____ long distance. (is/are)
  26. Many a man ____ tried hard to climb the treacherous mountain range. ( have/has)
  27. The furniture of the house ____ quite impressive. (is/are)
  28. Few students ______ coming to the party. (is, are)
  29. Ela, my childhood friend ____ leaving for Delhi next month. (is/are)
  30. Most of my friends _____ school students. (is/are)
  31. The level of pain tolerance ____ from person to person. (vary/varies)
  32. Either Tina or Rohit ____ telling lies. (is/are)
  33. A number of people _____reported to have fallen sick after drinking the water from the tubewell. (was/were)
  34. The government ____ criticised by the Supreme Court for their actions. (was/were)
  35. No one ____ a greater collection of books than my friend Reeshav. (has / have)
  36. Somebody ____ waiting at the door for you. (is / are)
  37. Two ____ ago, here is the place where the accident took place. (year/years)
  38. Fast food, like burgers and street food, ____ harmful to our health. (is/are)
  39. All the students ____ excited to visit the museum after school. (is/are)
  40. Neither Jessica nor her family ____ Hindi. (speaks/speak)
  41. Either Rose or Rimi ____ broken the glass. (has/have)
  42. If anybody _____ for me, do let me know. (calls/call)
  43. The plumber, along with his helper ____, expected to come soon. (is/are)
  44. Several neighbours _____ complained about the loud sound coming from that house. (has/have)
  45. Neither Penny nor Amy ____ went to work. (has/have)
  46. The Olympics ____ held every four years. (is/are)
  47. The people ___ lived without electricity for many years. (has/have)
  48. The cat _____ chasing the rat. (is/are)
  49. Everyone in the telecom focus group (has/have) experienced problems with cell phones.
  50. Your friendship over the years and your support (has/have) meant a great deal to us.
  51. Hamilton Family Center, a shelter for teenage runaways in San Francisco, (offers/offer) a wide variety of services.
  52. The main source of income for Trinidad (is/are) oil and pitch.
  53. The chances of your being promoted (is/are) excellent.
  54. There (was/were) a Pokémon card stuck to the refrigerator.
  55. Neither the professor nor his assistants (was/were) able to solve the mystery of the eerie glow in the laboratory.
  56. Many hours at the driving range (has/have) led us to design golf balls with GPS locators in them.
  57. Discovered in the soil of our city garden (was/were) a button dating from the Civil War dating from the turn of the century.
  58. Every year, during the midsummer festival, the smoke of village bonfires (fills/fill) the sky.
  59. The story performers (was/were) surrounded by children and adults eager to see magical tales.
  60. One of the main reasons for elephant poaching are the profits received from selling the ivory tusks.
  61. Not until my interview with Dr. Chandra (was/were) other possibilities opened to me.
  62. Batik cloth from Bali, blue and white ceramics from Cambodia, and a bocce ball from Turin (has/have) made Hannah’s room the talk of the dorm.
  63. The board of directors, ignoring the wishes of the neighbourhood, (has/have) voted to
  64. allow further development.
  65. Measles (is/are) a contagious childhood disease.
  66. The presence of certain bacteria in our bodies (is/are) one of the factors that determines our overall health.
  67. Lity is the only one of the many applicants who (has/have) the ability to step into this job.
  68. Neither the explorer nor his companions (was/were) ever seen again.
  69. The rhythm of the pounding waves (is/are) calming
  70. All of the dogs in the neighborhood (were/was) barking.
  71. A high tax, not to mention unemployment, (influence/influences) votes.
  72. My friends and my mother (like/likes) each other
  73. The team and the band (was/were) on the field
  74. Building a good marriage and building a good log fire (is/are) similar in many ways.
  75. Billu or Mohan (write/writes) to us regularly.
  76. Neither Sima nor Tina (is/are) excluded from the meeting
  77. Either Partha or Tuhin (was/were) asked to lead the meeting.
  78. Neither the basket nor the apples (was/were) expensive.
  79. Neither the apples nor the basket (was/were) expensive
  80. Either Monisha or you (was/were) late for class.
  81. Either you or Monalisa (was/were) late for class
  82. Hardest hit by the high temperatures and the drought (was/were) the farmers.
  83. Neither of them (like/likes) going to the show.
  84. Each of them (has/have) a good seat.
  85. Everybody in the class (has/have) tickets.
  86. Every silver knife, fork, and spoon (has/have) to be counted.
  87. Each cat and each dog (has/have) its own toy.
  88. The committee (is/are) meeting today.
  89. Ten million gallons of oil (is/are) a lot of oil.
  90. The jury (vote/votes) today.
  91. The number (is/are) very small.
  92. A number of students (was/were) absent.
  93. Ten million gallons of oil (was/were) spilled.
  94. The majonty of us (is/are) in favor.
  95. Statistics (is/are) an interesting subject. Statistics is/are often misleading.
  96. The sheep (stray/ strays) when the gate is left open Sheep (stray/strays) when the gate is left open.
  97. Each of the boys ------------- (has/have) his school uniform.
  98. Fifteen steps ---------------------- (is/are) a small achievement. 
  99. The furniture of the hotel ----------------- (is/are) quite expensive.
  100. Few students --------------- (is/are) coming to the trip.
  101. My childhood friends ---------------- (is/are) leaving for Mumbai next year.
  102. Most of my friends ------------ (is/are) social workers.
  103. The level of tolerance to pain --------------- (vary/varies) from person to person.
  104. Either Rinu or Rokeya -------------- (is/are) telling lies.
  105. Several students ----------- (was/were) reported to have fallen sick after drinking the water from a tap. 
  106. The government -----------(was/were) criticized by the Journalists for their actions. 
  107. No one ------------ (has/have) a greater collection of books than by friend, Riya.
  108. Neither Joshi nor his family ---------------- (speak/speaks) English.
  109. Either Rose or Joel ------------------ (has/have) broken the glass.
  110. Neither of the balls-----------------(has/have) any air.
  111. Either the lady or the man ----------------- (is/are) going to the market.
  112. Neither the boys or the girls -------------------- (was/were) allowed in the class.
  113. Neither the chairs nor the table ------------------- (is/are) expensive.
  114. Neither the cups not the plates ------------------- (was/were) washed.
  115. Neither of them ----------------- (swims/swim) very far.
  116. Either the workers or the boss -------------- (deliver/delivers) the grocery. 
  117. Everybody ---------------- (was/were) on time for classes.
  118. Nobody in the class ----------- (knows/know) the correct answer. 
  119. Neither of the men ------------------- (has/have) a pet.
  120. Either the siren or my watch -------------- (is/are) incorrect.
  121. Neither her sisters or her brother -------------------(goes/go) to school.
  122. Flocks of birds ------------- (is/are) perched on the tree.
  123. Fifty dollars ------------ (was/were)  on the floor.
  124. Measles -------------------- (is/are) a very common disease.
  125. The boy along with his friends ------------- (was/were) at the cinema.
  126. Monkeys as well as crocodiles ---------------- (was/were) found at the zoo.
  127. Malay together with her brothers ------------------- (was/were) absent from school.
  128. A lot of children ----------------- (was/were) wearing their gym clothes.
  129. Most of my life ----------------- (was/were) spent studying.
  130. Some of the students ------------ (is/are) gone home.
  131. My family with all my crazy cousins always --------------- (walk/walks) to the store.
  132. The mother duck including all her ducklings ----------------- (walk/walks) to the pond.
  133. Some of the cake ---------------- (is/are) gone.
  134. Ten pounds of chocolate ------------------ (is/are) too much to eat at once.

Thursday, July 11, 2024

Gulliver Travels - A Voyage to Lilliput MCQ for class VII

Gulliver's Travels - Chapter 1: A Voyage to Lilliput by Jonathan Swift

A Voyage to Lilliput Question and Answer

Here the MCQ from Jonathan Swift's 'A Voyage to Lilliput' class 7 text:

1. When did Gulliver wake up?

a) at night

b) just day light

c) just evening

d) midday

2. Gulliver was lying on his -

a) back

b) left side

c) right side

d) chest

3. He could not stir because -

a) his limbs were sore

b) he was in pain

c) his arms and legs are fastened

d) he was asked not to

4. He could only look -

a) left side

b) on the sea side

c) upwards

d) nowhere

5. The humans on his body are -

a) two inches high

b) six inches high

c) five inches high

d) more than six inches high

6. The man on his chest were carrying -

a) bow and arrows

b) swords

c) fire

d) none of these

7. The man on his chest went back because of -

a) Gulliver's roar

b) Gulliver's approached them using his hands

c) King's order

d) Gulliver's body shook

8. The Lilliputians shouted saying -

a) Hekena degul

b) Hakinah degul

c) Hikinah digul

d) Hekinah degul

9. Gulliver first managed to lose his -

a) left leg

b) left arm

c) right leg

d) right arm

10. 'quiver' means -

a) shiver

b) thing used to bind

c) where arrows are kept

d) none of these

11. Gulliver loosen the string that tied down his hair resulting -

a) he ate Lilliputians

b) he can see the sea

c) he can grab the creature

d) he can move his head a little

12. Later Gulliver could move his head -

a) about 1 inch

b) about 2 inches

c) about 3 inches

d) about 1/2 inch

13. With the shouting of ------------, they threw arrows.

a) Tolgo phonac

b) Tologo phonax

c) Hekenah degul

d) Hekenah degel

14. Arrow picked Gulliver like - 

a) screw

b) neddles

c) mosquito bite

d) sharp teeth

15. Gulliver managed to shield his face from arrows using -

a) face mask

b) his left arm

c) his right arm

d) his coat

16. The volley of arrows did not pierce Gulliver on sides because of his -

a) arm

b) black jacket

c) head

d) buff jerkin

17. The word 'prudent' means -

a) sensible decisions

b) carelessness

c) arrogant

d) approximate

18. The Lilliputians stopped their arrows when Gulliver 

a) grabbed them

b) stopped them

c) stopped moving

d) great lord came

19.  Gulliver planned to set free at -

a) the evening

b) the dawn

c) the night

d) when they will stop

20. The stage they made to reach Gulliver was-

a) a foot height

b) 2 foot height

c) one and half foot height

d) two and half foot height

21. Gulliver replied to the great lord in -

a) submissive manner

b) serious manner

c) lofty manner

d) careful manner

22. Several  ladders applied beside Gulliver to -

a) give him speech

b) give him pain

c) give him food

d) give him poison

23. Lilliputians astonished by Gulliver's - 

a) silence

b) bulk and appetite

c) buff jerkin

d) power

24. As a drink, they offered Gulliver -

a) water

b) sea water

c) whiskey

d) wine

25. They brought drink in the Gulliver -

a) barrels

b) jugs

c) buckets

d) ponds

26. They did not give more drink to Gulliver after times because -

a) they are end of drink

b) they refuse to give it to a stranger

c) They drank those themselves

d) the lord forbade them


Let's check out the answers of A Voyage to Lilliput MCQ:

1. b) just day light

2. a) back

3. c) his arms and legs are fastened

4. c) upwards

5. b) six inches high

6. a) bow and arrows

7. a) Gulliver's roar

8. d) Hekinah Degul 

9. b) left arm

10. c) where arrows are kept

11. d) he can move his head a little

12. b) about 2 inches

13. a) Tolgo phonac

14. b) needles

15. b) his left arm

16. d) buff jerkin

17. a) sensible decisions

18. c) stopped moving

19. c) at night

20. c) one and half foot height

21. a) submissive manner

22. c) give him food

23. b) bulk and appetite

24. c) whiskey

25. a) barrels

26. a) they are end of drink

Tuesday, July 9, 2024

English Subject-Verb Agreement Rules and Examples in Bengali

 

Subject Verb Arguments

 Subject Verb Arguments Rules And Examples:

Rule One: যদি Subject টি একবচন হয়, তাহলে প্রথম পুরুষে একবচন (third-person singular number) ছাড়া অন্যান্য ক্ষেত্রে বর্তমান কালের verb এর কোনো পরিবর্তন হয় না।

*বর্তমান কালে, যদি Subject টি প্রথম পুরুষে একবচন (third-person singular number) হয়, তবে ক্রিয়াপদের (verb) শেষে অবশ্যই একটি "-s" যোগ করতে হবে বা, যদি verb টি -x, -ss, -sh,  ch, –tch, বা –zz, দিয়ে শেষ হয়, তাহলে verb-র শেষে "–es" যোগ হবে। যদি verbটি একটি ব্যঞ্জনবর্ণ (consonant) "-y" দিয়ে শেষ হয়, তাহলে y সরিয়ে "–ies" যোগ করতে হবে। 

উদাহরন: 
drink a lot of water. (Subject: First Person Singular- উত্তম পুরুষে একবচন)
You know the boy well. (Subject: Second Person Singular - মধ্যম পুরুষে একবচন)
She writes every day. (Subject: Third Person Singular - প্রথম পুরুষে একবচন)
He boxes the gifts quickly. (Subject প্রথম পুরুষে একবচন, verb- এর শেষে "x")
She carries her own stuff. (Subject প্রথম পুরুষে একবচন, verb- এর শেষে "y")

** একইভাবে, "do" শব্দটি জড়িত এমন প্রশ্নগুলিতে কেবলমাত্র "do"-এর subject-র সাথে মিল থাকা দরকার।
উদাহরন:
Do you drink coffee?
Do I know you?
Does he know how to play football?

**বর্তমান কালের নেতিবাচক রূপটি (negative form) ব্যবহার করার সময়, শুধুমাত্র  "do" verb-এর subject এর সাথে মিল থাকতে হবে। 
উদাহরন: 
She does not like reading before bed. 
He does not sleep at all.
do not like fish.
We do not agree with you.

সহজ কথায় বলতে গেলে,

SUBJECTS যদি I, YOU হয়
VERBS হবে eat, see, sleep, read, write, jump, do, carry, cry ইত্যাদি

SUBJECTS- HE, SHE, IT, THE KID, THE BOY, THE MAN, RAM, SITA, RAHUL ইত্যাদি হলে    
VERBS হবে eats, sees, sleeps, reads, writes, jumps, does, carries, cries ইত্যাদি

**যদি sentence-এ verbটি "be" হয় তবে বর্তমান কালের subject অনুযায়ী "is" এবং "are" বসাতে হবে। .

উদাহরন :
am the person you want.
You are very honest.
She is a good girl.
He is the first boy.
Rohit is a wonderful batter. 
They are teachers from our school.


Rule Two: যদি subject টি বহুবচন বা plural হয়, তাহলে verb এর form এর কোনও পরিবর্তন হবে না। .
উদাহরন : 
They write every day. (Third Person Plural)
We love Biriyani. (First Person Plural)
You go home by bus. (Second Person Plural)


** The simple past and simple future -এর ক্ষেত্রে subject-এর সংখ্যা বা একবচন বা বহুবচন হওয়ার উপরে verb এর form নির্ভর করে না। 
উদাহরন :
( simple future )
We will go to the market today.
She will go to the office.
They will visit the theatre. 
( simple Past )
We grew up in India.
She grew these crops.
You forgot the script.
They forgot to bring the bottle.

**ব্যতিক্রম, "be" verb, যেটা past tense-এর ব্যবহারের সময় subject এর singular - plural অনুযায়ী "was" বা "were" হতে পারে।  

উদাহরন : 
was young once. (Simple Past Tense First Person Singular Subject)
We were young once. (Simple Past Tense First Person Plural Subject)
You were perfect for this job. (Simple Past Tense Second Person Singular Subject)
They were playing football. (Past Continuous, Third Person Plural Subject)
She was playing Ludo. (Past Continuous, Third Person Singular Subject)
Was this your doing? 

**Present Perfect Tense-এ একবচন বা singular subject-এ "has" ব্যবহার হয় এবং বহুবচন বা plural subject-এ "have" ব্যবহার হয়।
উদাহরন :
They have seen the movie.
She has not seen the movie yet.
Have I told you about the new book?
Has he understood the question?

*যদিও, Past Perfect Tense-এর ক্ষেত্রে "had" auxiliary verb subject-এর সংখ্যা অনুযায়ী পরিবর্তন হয় না। 
উদাহরন : 
had finished my work.
They had not finished his work.
Had she not written the essay?

সহজ কথায় বলতে গেলে,
I, YOU, WE, THEY এর পরে "ARE", "WERE", "HAVE" আর "HAD" বসে। 
আর, Third person singular, যেমন, HE, SHE, IT, RAM (যে কোনো নাম), THE TREE (কোন বস্তু), THE BABY এসব এর পরে বসে "IS", "HAS", "HAD" .


Rule Three: যখন subject এক-এর থেকে বেশি হয়, আর সেগুলি "and" দিয়ে যুক্ত থাকে, তাহলে সেক্ষেত্রে verb-এর Plural form হবে। 
উদাহরন : 
The students and the teachers gather here.
The parents and the children stay in the room.

**যদিও কিছু কিছু ক্ষেত্রে "and" দিয়ে যুক্ত থাকা subject singular বা একবচন হিসেবে ব্যবহৃত হয়, তাহলে verb-এরও singular form ব্যবহার হবে। 
উদাহরন : 
This bed and breakfast is delightful! (এখানে "Bed and Breakfast" মানে থাকা-খাওয়ার ব্যবস্থা বোঝানো হয়েছে, যেটা singular, তাই verb singular হয়েছে।)


Rule Four: যখন কোন sentence-এ একটি subject এবং একাধিক verb থাকে, তখন সব verbগুলি subject অনুযায়ী ব্যবহার হবে।
উদাহরন : 
After work, I go shopping, pick up the kids, cook dinner, and then relax for the night. 
Researchers use interviews as a tool to gather data and gain a deeper insight into participants' thoughts and experiences.


Rule Five: যখন subject এবং verb-এর মধ্যে একটি বাক্যাংশ বা phrase চলে আসে, তখনও verbটি আসল subject অনুযায়ী বসে।

উদাহরন : 
The student, as well as the committee members, is excited.
The politician, along with the newsmen, is expected shortly.
The student with all the master’s degrees is very motivated.
Strategies that the teacher uses to encourage classroom participation include using small groups and clarifying expectations.
The focus of the interviews was some skilled participants.
A group consisting of Professor Roy, the guide Mr Paul, and the professor’s nephew Raja departs for the volcano. 

**যখন কোনো সাবজেক্ট "one of....." দিয়ে শুরু হয়, তখ সেটা singular-ই হবে, কারণ "one" শব্দটি singular 
উদাহরন : 
One of the world’s well-known players still has trouble speaking in public. 


Rule Six: একটা subject-এ যখন দুটো বা তার বেশি singular noun বা pronoun "or" বা "nor" দিয়ে যুক্ত থাকে, তখন তাকে singular subject হিসেবে ধরা হয়। 
উদাহরন : 
The Principal or the headmaster approves the proposal before proceeding.


Rule Seven: একটা subject-এ যখন দুটো বা তার বেশি singular এবং plural noun বা  pronoun "or" বা "nor" দিয়ে যুক্ত থাকে, তাহলে verb এর সব থেকে কাছের noun বা  pronoun-এর বচন অনুযায়ী verb এর form হবে। 
উদাহরন : 
The student or the committee members write every day.
The committee members or the student writes every day.
The teacher or the students have to inform the principal. 
The students or the teacher has to inform the principal. 

**যখন দুটো বা তার বেশি plural noun বা  pronoun "or" বা "nor" দিয়ে যুক্ত থাকে, তাহলে সেই subject-টি plural.
উদাহরন :
Cats or dogs make good friends. 


Rule Eight: Subject-এ "each," "each one," "either," "neither," "everyone," "everybody," "anyone," "anybody," "nobody," "somebody," "someone," আর "no one" থাকলে সেখানে singular verb form হয়। 

উদাহরন : 
Each of the participants was willing to be performed.
Neither alternative proposal was accepted.
Everybody who participates in the function, gets tiffin.
No one was available to meet with me at the preferred times.


Rule Nine: Noncount nouns or Uncountable nouns থাকলে সেখানে singular verb form হয়।
উদাহরন : 
Education is the key to success.
Diabetes affects many people around the world.
The information was relevant to include in the study.
The research on the topic was limited.


Rule Ten: কিছু  countable nouns, such as "earnings", "goods", "odds", "surroundings", "proceeds", "contents", and valuables থাকলে plural verb form হয়|
উদাহরন : 
The earnings for this quarter exceed expectations.
The proceeds from the sale go to support the homeless population in the city.
Locally produced goods have the advantage of shorter supply chains.


Rule Eleven: যদি কোনো sentence-এর শুরুতে  "there is" , "there are" , “here . . . ” থাকে, তাহলে verb-এর পরের শব্দ অনুযায়ী verb এর form ব্যবহার করা হয়।

উদাহরন :
There is a book on the table. 
There are five books on the shelf. (plural) 
There is little administrative support.
There are many factors affecting teacher retention.


Rule Twelve: Collective nouns - "group," "team" "committee" "family", "class" থাকলে সেখানে singular verb form হয়।
উদাহরন : 
The group meets every day after the class.
The committee agrees on the quality of the product.


**সমষ্টিগত বিশেষ্যগুলি (Collective nouns একবচন বা বহুবচন উভয়েই হতে পারে, Subject-এ তারা একসাথে বা পৃথকভাবে কাজ করে কিনা তার উপর নির্ভর করে Verb-এর ব্যবহার। 
উদাহরন :
[Together, singular] The team goes to practice at 4:00. 
[Separately, plural] The team go to their own homes after practice. 

Rule Thirteen: gerunds, infinitives, বা participles এর মত বিকল্প ভাবে ব্যবহৃত verb-এর Subject-Verb Argument অনুসরণ করে না। 

উদাহরন :
The football coach makes running mandatory. 
The footballs coaches make running mandatory. 
(Running is same for both cases, where the first sentence has a singular subject so the verb is "makes", in the second sentence, subject is plural, the verb is "make".)

Rule Fourteen: একই sentence-এ comma দিয়ে verb আর subject আলাদা করা হয় না, যদি না subject-এর সম্পর্কে অতিরিক্ত তথ্য প্রদান করে এমন একটি নির্দিষ্ট ধরণের বাক্যাংশ ব্যবহার হয়।

উদাহরন :
The holiday is becoming a total disaster. 
The holiday, which I was looking forward to, is becoming a total disaster. 

The dog runs quickly. (No comma between "dog" and "runs")
The dog, a golden retriever, runs quickly. (Comma used to separate the appositive phrase "a golden retriever" from the rest of the sentence)


Rule Fifteen: Active থেকে passive voice change করার সময়, passive voice এর verb সেই অনুসারে হবে, যে subject হিসেবে আগে বসেছে। 
উদাহরন
They pay the electric bill online. (Active Voice)
The electric bill is paid by them online. (Passive Voice)


Rule Sixteen: যে শব্দগুলি একটি অংশ, শতাংশ নির্দেশ করে, তাদের বর্ণিত nounটির সংখ্যা অনুযায়ী verb বসে। এই nounটিতে সাধারণত “of . . . " থাকে। 

উদাহরন :
A large part (singular) of the cake (singular) is eaten.
Many parts (plural) of the car (singular) are replaceable.
Fifty percent (singular) of the students (plural) passed the exam.

All of the book is ruined!
All of the books are ruined!

Some of the film is funny. 
Some of the films are funny. 

Fifty percent of the house is made of wood. 
Fifty percent of the houses are made of wood. 


Rule Seventeen: যখন দূরত্ব,সময়ের ব্যাপ্তি, বা টাকার পরিমান বোঝানো হয়, তখন সেটাকে singular হিসেবে বোঝানো হয়, তাই verb singular হয়। 

উদাহরন :
- Distances:
    - Three miles is a long distance to run. (singular)
    - Three miles are required to complete the race. (plural, emphasizing individual miles)

- Periods of time:
    - Two years is a long time to wait. (singular)
    - Two years are needed to complete the project. (plural, emphasizing individual years)

- Amounts of money:
    - $100 is a lot to spend on a gift. (singular)
    - $100 were collected in donations. (plural, emphasizing individual bills) 


Rule Eighteen: কিছু কিছু noun আছে, যাদের শুধু মাত্র plural form থাকে, কিন্তু তাদের singular অর্থে ব্যবহার করা হয়। 

উদাহরন :
The news has been depressing lately. 
Politics is getting too combative. 

*যদিও, কখনও কখনও তাদের plural form ও ব্যবহার দেখতে পাওয়া যায়, তখন verb plural এর নিয়ম অনুযায়ী বসে। 
The news stories are varied.
The politics of different countries are fascinating.


**Subject-এর Plural form যদি plural meaning নিয়ে আসে, তাহলে plural verb ব্যবহার করা হয়। যেমন, scissors, trousers
উদাহরন :
The scissors do not work.
The Trousers are made of good fibre.


**যদি একটি বহুবচন বিশেষ্য (Plural Noun) এর আগে, "pair" শব্দে থাকে, তাহলে subject টিকে একবচন হিসাবে বিবেচনা করা হয়। কারণ "pair" হল একবচন। 
উদাহরন:
The pair of scissors does not work. 


**যখন money-র কথা বলা হয়, এতে দরকার পরে singular verb, কিন্তু যখন dollars কেই বোঝানো হয়, তখন plural verb হয়। 
উদাহরন :
Five dollars is a lot of money.
Dollars are often used instead of Rubles in Russia.


Rule Nineteen: একটি Single Entity কে উল্লেখ করার সময়, যেমন একটি বইয়ের নাম, সংস্থার নাম, বা দেশের নাম, Sentence-এ  verb একবচন হয়। 
উদাহরন :
The Three Musketeers is a French historical adventure novel.


Rule Twenty: "the number of _______," দিয়ে subject শুরু হলে singular verb.
উদাহরন : 
The number of volunteers grows each year.

"a number of _______," দিয়ে subject শুরু হলে plural verb.
উদাহরন :
A number of people love kpop.

"many a ________," দিয়ে subject শুরু হলে singular verb.
উদাহরন :
Many a student finds joy in reading books during the summer holidays.


Rule Twenty-One: অনেক সময় sentence-এ "was" এর জায়গায় "were" বসানো হয়, যখন কোনো sentence-টি অবাস্তব বা কোনো ইচ্ছা প্রকাশ করে। 

উদাহরন :
If Jhulan were here, you'd be sorry.
I wish it were Friday.

**এই ধরণের sentence subjunctive mood প্রদর্শন করে, যা একটি "অনুমানিক", "ইচ্ছাপূর্ণ", "কাল্পনিক" বা "বাস্তবভাবে বিপরীত চিন্তাভাবনা" প্রকাশ করতে ব্যবহৃত হয়। subjunctive mood একবচন subject র সাথে যুক্ত হয় যা আমরা সাধারণত বহুবচন ক্রিয়া হিসেবে ধরে নিই ।

She requested that he raise his hand.
The foreman demanded that the boy wear safety goggles.


For any question, query, confusion and mistake reach me out through mail or comment.

Monday, July 8, 2024

Subject Verb Arguments Easy Understanding (All Rules)

Subject Verb Arguments

 Subject Verb Arguments Rules And Examples:


Writing well requires a good understanding of Subject-Verb Agreement. In fact, most grammatical mistakes stem from this very issue. Mastering Subject-Verb Agreement is essential to excel in answering questions, grammar, and writing skills. Here are the rules of Subject-Verb Agreement with Examples to follow to avoid making such mistakes:

Rule One: If the subject is singular,  the standard form of a verb in the present tense is used except third-person singular.

*In the present tense, if the subject is third-person singular, one must use the verb by adding an "-s" to the end of the verb or, if the verb ends in -x, –ss, –sh, –ch, –tch, or –zz, you add "–es" to the end of the verb. If the verb ends in a consonant + y, remove the y and add –ies to match the third-person singular. 

Example: 
I drink a lot of water. (Subject First Person Singular)
You know the boy well. (Subject Second Person Singular)
She writes every day. (Subject Third Person Singular)
He boxes the gifts quickly. (Subject Third Person Singular, verb ends with "x")
She carries her own stuff. (Subject Third Person Singular, verb ends with "y")

** Likewise, in questions that involve the word "do", only "do" needs to match the subject.
Example:
Do you drink coffee?
Do I know you?
Does he know how to play football?

**When using the negative form in the present tense, only the verb "do" needs to match the subject.
Example: 
She does not like reading before bed. 
He does not sleep at all.
I do not like fish.
We do not agree with you.


IN SIMPLE WORDS,

SUBJECTS-I, YOU
VERBS- eat, see, sleep, read, write, jump, do, carry, cry etc

SUBJECTS- HE, SHE, IT, THE KID, THE BOY, THE MAN, RAM, SITA, RAHUL etc               
Verbs- eats, sees, sleeps, reads, writes, jumps, does, carries, cries etc

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